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The SAH's therapy!
Your interns ask you about the optimal medical treatment of this 62-year-old man with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage. Your reply does NOT include which one of the following statements
 
The SAH's medical treatment!
You admit a 54-year-old man into the neurology ward after securing the diagnosis of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage. You start medical therapy for him. Regarding medical treatment of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), which one is the wrong statement
 
A Stroke on the Head!
A 65-year-old man with long-standing hypertension and type II diabetes presents with left arm pyramidal weakness of grade 4 minus over the past 2 hours. Examination does not uncover any language or sensory problems. His non-contrast brain CT scan is unremarkable...
 
Neurologic Sequellae of Nutritional Deficiencies 03
A 48 year-old man presents with worsening confusion, ataxia, nystagmus, and ophthalmoparesis. An MRI of his brain is obtained, and is shown above.Appropriate treatment requires IV administration of which of following
 
Lamotrigine rash
You are starting a patient on lamotrigine for seizures. While you are discussing side effects, she states that she has heard that a serious rash is a common side effect of this drug, and asks you about it. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate to tell her
 
Inborn Errors of Metabolism 04
A 6 month old child is admitted to the hospital with sepsis. The pediatric resident notices a seizure, and calls a neurology consult. The patient's father states that the patient's birth was normal except for hypothermia. Over the ensuing months,...
 
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 02
Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons A 30 year old male is found down and brought by paramedics to the emergency departement. GCS is 7, and the patient is intubated for airway protection. The patient withdraws all extremities to painful stimuli. A stat head CT reveals the above abnormalities...
 
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 01
Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons A 55 year old female is found down and brought by paramedics to the emergency departement. GCS is 7, and the patient is intubated for airway protection. The patient withdraws all extremities to painful stimuli. A stat head CT reveals the above abnormalities...
 
CSF and Seizures
A 35 year old male presents is brought to the ED after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. The seizure occurred about 2 hours ago. He remains lethargic and confused. Physical exam reveals an afebrile, healthy-appearing male with no focal neurologic findings...
 
Cerebrovascular Disease 02
A 45 year old male presents with a sudden onset of left upper extremity weakness and numbness. Past medical hisotry is significant for migraines. His exam reveals only the above described weakness. His father and paternal grandmother also had migraines...
 
Hormones and Neurotransmitters and Stuff 01
Administration of orexin results in which of the following
 
Demyelinating Diseases 01
A 32 year-old female presents to your clinic for follow up after a recent hospitalization.  She had been hospitalized for rapidly worsening bilateral lower extremity weakness and numbness.  There had no history of trauma or recent illness.  She reports...
 
Neurologic Sequellae of Nutritional Deficiencies 01
This MRI most likely comes from a patient with which of the following findings
 
Comprehensive Neurological Workup
A 28-year old right-handed man with no prior medical history visits the opthalmologist for followup after refractive surgery for unilateral astigmatism the previous month. A normal left fundus is visualized, but an incidental finding is made of a small foul-smelling...
 
Cerebral blood flow 01
A 77 year-old potato salesperson presents is admitted to the neurosciences ICU after head trauma. Among other interventions, an arterial line and an intraventricular catheter are placed. If his mean arterial pressure is mmHg and his intracranial pressure...
 
Change in Mental Status
A 76 year-old male hog psychiatrist with no significant past medical history is admitted to the general medicine service overnight because of painful bunions. Apart from tender feet, his initial exam was unremarkable. The next morning, Neurology is consulted to evaluate his change in mental status...
 



User Forums and Comments



Re: how do we tell the difference between DNT and oligodendrogli
Ingy -Thanks for the excellent question.Admittedly, oligodendroglioma and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) look a lot alike, and you might not be able to tell the difference between them if all you saw was one slide.  For examination purposes,...
 



Online Course Content



Upper Extremity Nerve Conduction Studies
MotorAxillary Motor Nerve - recording the Deltoid  Median and Ulnar motor nerves- Recording the 2nd Lumbrical and interossei Median Motor Study - Recording the Abductor Pollicis Brevis Musculocutaneous Motor Nerve - recording the Biceps  Radial Motor Nerve...
 
Motor Nerve Conduction Studies
Axillary Axillary Motor Nerve - recording the DeltoidFacial Facial Motor Nerve – recording the Orbicularis OculiFemoralFemoral Motor Nerve - recording the Rectus FemorisMedian Median Palmar Mixed Nerve (orthodromic) Median Motor Study - Recording the Abductor...
 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating at axilla (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating at axilla (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating at Erb's point (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating at Erb's point (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating at Erb's point (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating at Erb's point (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating proximal to elbow (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating distal to elbow (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating distal to elbow (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), stimulating at wrist (image)

 
Sample Quiz
You will only be able to take this quiz once.  Once you have started it, you may go through it as many times as you want, and change your answers.  To submit your answers and receive your final score, click the link that says Click here to finalize and submit your answers...
 
Mini-Courses and Quizzes for Continuing Education
This is a trial run of a system which may soon be usable for continuing education credits through the AAET.Final approval is still pending.To take a course, click on the link below.  When you are finished reviewing the educational material, take the quiz...
 
Repetitive Stimulation for Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (pre-synaptic neuromuscular junction defect)
The most common rapid repetitive stimulation studies are recorded from the Median (APB) or Ulnar (ADM) motor nerves.  However, rapid repetitive stimulation studies can be performed on any motor nerve.After performing the routine motor nerve conduction study...
 
All Nerves
A list of all nerves commonly tested in alphabetic order.Axillary Axillary Motor Nerve - recording the DeltoidBlink Blink Reflexes – recording the Orbicularis OculiF-waves F-WavesFacial Facial Motor Nerve – recording the Orbicularis OculiFemoralFemoral...
 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM)
Origin:  C8-T1 roots, lower trunk and medial cord of the brachial plexus, ulnar nerveRecording Site:  Abductor Digiti Minimi muscle (ADM)Reference Site:  Base of little fingerGround:  Palm or top of handStimulation Sites:  Wrist, below elbow and above elbow...
 
F-Waves
The most common routine F-wave responses are recorded from the Median (APB), Ulnar (ADM), Peroneal (EDB) and the Tibial (AH) motor nerves.  However, F-waves can be recorded from any motor nerve.  F-waves vary in amplitude and latency and may not be recorded following every stimulation...
 
Repetitive Nerve Stimulation for Myasthenia Gravis (post-synaptic neuromuscular junction defect)
The most common slow repetitive stimulation studies are recorded from the  Median (APB), Ulnar (ADM), Spinal Accessory (Trapezius) and the Facial (Orbicularis Oculi) motor nerves.  However, myasthenia gravis repetitive stimulation studies can be performed on any motor point...
 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM) (image)

 
Peripheral Neuropathy/Motor Neuron Disease
Peripheral Neuropathy/Motor Neuron DiseaseNerve            Recording Sites        Stimulation Sites          F-WavesMedian (s)        index and middle        wristUlnar (s)        5th                wristRadial...
 
Ulnar Mononeuropathy
Median sensory recording index and middle  fingers.Ulnar sensory recording the llittle  finger.Radial sensory recording the dorsal thumb.Dorsal Ulnar sensory recording the dorsum of the handMedian motor recording the abductor pollicis brevis with F-Waves...
 
All Nerves
A list of all nerves commonly tested in alphabetic order.Axillary Axillary Motor Nerve - recording the DeltoidBlink Blink Reflexes – recording the Orbicularis OculiF-waves F-WavesFacial Facial Motor Nerve – recording the Orbicularis OculiFemoralFemoral...
 
Upper Extremity Nerve Conduction Studies
MotorAxillary Motor Nerve - recording the Deltoid  Median and Ulnar motor nerves- Recording the 2nd Lumbrical and interossei Median Motor Study - Recording the Abductor Pollicis Brevis Musculocutaneous Motor Nerve - recording the Biceps  Radial Motor Nerve...
 
Motor Nerve Conduction Studies
Axillary Axillary Motor Nerve - recording the DeltoidFacial Facial Motor Nerve – recording the Orbicularis OculiFemoralFemoral Motor Nerve - recording the Rectus FemorisMedian Median Palmar Mixed Nerve (orthodromic) Median Motor Study - Recording the Abductor...
 
Repetitive Stimulation for Lambert-Eaton Syndrome (pre-synaptic neuromuscular junction defect)
The most common rapid repetitive stimulation studies are recorded from the Median (APB) or Ulnar (ADM) motor nerves.  However, rapid repetitive stimulation studies can be performed on any motor nerve.After performing the routine motor nerve conduction study...
 
Repetitive Nerve Stimulation for Myasthenia Gravis (post-synaptic neuromuscular junction defect)
The most common slow repetitive stimulation studies are recorded from the  Median (APB), Ulnar (ADM), Spinal Accessory (Trapezius) and the Facial (Orbicularis Oculi) motor nerves.  However, myasthenia gravis repetitive stimulation studies can be performed on any motor point...
 
F-Waves
The most common routine F-wave responses are recorded from the Median (APB), Ulnar (ADM), Peroneal (EDB) and the Tibial (AH) motor nerves.  However, F-waves can be recorded from any motor nerve.  F-waves vary in amplitude and latency and may not be recorded following every stimulation...
 
Polymyositis,paraffin-embedded, H&E stained section 400x (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM) (image)

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording the Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM)
Origin:  C8-T1 roots, lower trunk and medial cord of the brachial plexus, ulnar nerveRecording Site:  Abductor Digiti Minimi muscle (ADM)Reference Site:  Base of little fingerGround:  Palm or top of handStimulation Sites:  Wrist, below elbow and above elbow...
 
Focal cortical dysplasia, Palmini 2a, low power overview H&E stained section of cerebral cortex (image)

 
Focal cortical dysplasia, Palmini 1b, high power H&E stained section (image)

 
Bacterial Infections
Meningitis means inflammation of the meninges, usually (but not necessarily) due to infection. Although inflammation may selectively involve the dura (pachymeningitis), it more commonly affects the pia and arachnoid membranes (leptomeningitis). Because the...
 
Tumefactive demyelination, immunohistochemical staining for GFAP x 100 (image)

 
Multiple Sclerosis
Acquired, inflammatory leukoencephalopathiesInflammation may either be related to infection, or indicate the presence of an autoimmune process. Infection of oligodendroglial cells is unusual, and is practically confined to JC virus infection in immunocompromised...
 
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Muscle Name: abductor digiti minimiAKA:  musculus abductor digiti minimi manusAbbreviation:  ADMSpinal Nerve Roots:    C8    T1Brachial Plexus Trunks:    lower trunkBrachial Plexus Cords:    medial cordNamed Nerves:    ulnar nerveProximal Attachment: ...
 
Abductor Digiti Minimi EMG Technique (video)

 
Abductor Digiti Minimi (image)

 
Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma, Neurofilament immunohistochemical staining (image)

 
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma x400 (image)

 
Infiltrating Glioma, Thalmus, neurofilament immunohistochemical staining x 200 (image)

 
Pilocytic Astrocytoma x200 (image)

 
Suprasellar germinoma, ventral surface of brain. (image)

 
Pineal region germinoma, H&E stained slide (image)

 
Spine amyloidoma, H&E stainx 400 (image)

 
Primary CNS lymphoma, H&E stain x 400 (image)

 
Grinker Myelinopathy (image)

 
Organizing periventricular leukomalacia, high power H&E stain (image)

 
Neurologic Sequellae of Nutritional Deficiencies 03
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Gallery Images



Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - ADM 2

 
Ulnar Motor Nerve - Recording th