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Extraocular muscles

Topic: Anatomy

Created on Tuesday, July 11 2006 by

Last modified on Wednesday, December 31 1969.

A 58 year-old male botanist visits you in the Albuquerque Baloon Fiesta, complaining of diplopia.
You note that most of the time that he is facing you and talking, he sits with his chin raised, with his head extended and tilted toward his right shouder.
Based on this information alone, you suspect that there may be a paresis of which extraocular muscle?

A) Left inferior rectus

B) Left superior rectus

C) Left medial rectus

D) Right medial rectus

E) Right superior rectus

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This question was created on July 11, 2006 by .
This question was last modified on December 31, 1969.

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

A) left inferior rectus

This answer is incorrect.

This presentation is typical of a paresis of the left superior rectus. A patient with a paresis of the left inferior rectus muscle will have impaired depression and outward rotation of the left eye, and is likely to try to minimize his diplopia by looking at the world with his chin held down with no extraordinary tilting of his head. (See References)


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B) left superior rectus

This answer is correct.

This presentation is typical of a paresis of the left superior rectus. A patient with a paresis of the left superior rectus muscle will have impaired elevation and inward rotation of the left eye, and is likely to try to minimize his diplopia by looking at the world with his chin raised, with his head extended and tilted toward his right shouder. (See References)


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C) left medial rectus

This answer is incorrect.

This presentation is typical of a paresis of the left superior rectus. A patient with a paresis of the left medial rectus muscle will have impaired adduction of the left eye, and is likely to try to minimize his diplopia by looking at the world with his chin turned toward his right shoulder and his right eye abducted. (See References)


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D) right medial rectus

This answer is incorrect.

This presentation is typical of a paresis of the left superior rectus. A patient with a paresis of the right medial rectus muscle will have impaired adduction of the right eye, and is likely to try to minimize his diplopia by looking at the world with his chin turned toward his left shoulder and his left eye abducted. (See References)


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E) right superior rectus

This answer is incorrect.

This presentation is typical of a paresis of the left superior rectus. A patient with a paresis of the right superior rectus muscle will have impaired elevation and inward rotation of the right eye, and is likely to try to minimize his diplopia by looking at the world with his chin raised, with his head extended and tilted toward his left shouder. (See References)


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References:

1. Ross, R.T. (1999). How to Examine the Nervous System, 3rd Edition. Appleton & Lange, Stamford, Connecticut. Pp. 45-60


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anatomy
Extraocular muscles
Question ID: 0000003
Question written by . (C) FrontalCortex.com 2006-2009, all rights reserved. Created: 07/11/2006
Modified: 12/31/1969
Estimated Permutations: 0