Muscle Name: biceps femoris - short head

AKA:  

Abbreviation: BF-SH

Spinal Nerve Roots:
    L5
    S1
Plexus:
    lumbosacral plexus

Named Nerves:
    sciatic nerve (peroneal division)

Proximal Attachment: Lateral edge of the linea aspera and the upper portion of the supracondylar line. 

Distal Attachment: Lateral condyle of the tibia and fibular head. 

Action: Flex the knee and externally rotate the leg when the knee is bent.

Needle Insertion: Approximately 3-5 centimeters proximal to the fibular head along the tendon the needle may be insereted either just lateral or just medial to the tendon. If the patient is in the lateral recumbant position a lateral insertion is easier.

Activation for EMG:  Have the patient flex their knee.

Pitfalls: 

Notes:  This muscle should be normal in a peroneal nerve lesion at the fibular head as it is the only peroneal innervated muscle above the fibular head.