antiepileptic medications

Topic: Pathology

Created on Saturday, September 2 2006 by

Last modified on Saturday, September 2 2006.

 
        A) Gabapentin is indicated for tonic-clonic.
 
        B) Oxcarbazepine is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy.
 
        C) Phenobarbital works via an unknown mechanism.
 
        D) Phenytoin can be given as a loading dose.
 
        E) Lamotrigine is indicated for treatment of tonic seizures.
 

 

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This question was created on September 02, 2006 by .
This question was last modified on September 02, 2006.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

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A) Gabapentin is indicated for tonic-clonic.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Gabapentin is indicated for tonic-clonic." is true.
Gabapentin causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is a glutamate receptor antagonist, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is indicated for tonic-clonic, is metabolized primarily by the kidney, is approved as adjunct therapy only, is excreted in breast milk, and has no known significant interactions with other AEDs.  (See References)

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B) Oxcarbazepine is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy.

This answer is correct.

The statement, "Oxcarbazepine is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy." is false.
Oxcarbazepine causes reduction of sodium currents, is indicated for treatement of complex partial seizures, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures with secondary generalization, is metabolized primarily in the liver, is approved as adjunct therapy only, induces hepatic enzymes, and is excreted in breast milk.  (See References)

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C) Phenobarbital works via an unknown mechanism.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Phenobarbital works via an unknown mechanism." is true.
Phenobarbital causes reduction of sodium currents, causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is a glutamate receptor antagonist, works via an unknown mechanism, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is indicated for tonic-clonic, is metabolized primarily in the liver, induces hepatic enzymes, is a known teratogen, or evidence for its teratogenicity exists, is excreted in breast milk, and can be given as a loading dose.  (See References)

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D) Phenytoin can be given as a loading dose.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Phenytoin can be given as a loading dose." is true.
Phenytoin causes reduction of sodium currents, causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is a glutamate receptor antagonist, works via an unknown mechanism, is indicated for treatement of complex partial seizures, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is indicated for tonic-clonic, is metabolized primarily in the liver, induces hepatic enzymes, is excreted in breast milk, can be given as a loading dose, has been shown in comparative studies to be one of the two safest of the older AEDs, and is a drug for which the AAN recommends patients stick to one manufacturer's preparation, as evidence exists that there are differences between generic and brand name preparations.  (See References)

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E) Lamotrigine is indicated for treatment of tonic seizures.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Lamotrigine is indicated for treatment of tonic seizures." is true.
Lamotrigine causes reduction of sodium currents, causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is a glutamate receptor antagonist, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is indicated for tonic-clonic, is indicated for treatment of atonic seizures, is indicated for treatment of tonic seizures, is indicated for treatment of myoclonic seizures, is indicated for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, is metabolized primarily in the liver, and is excreted in breast milk.  (See References)

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References:

1. Browne, T.R., & Holmes, G.L. (2004). Handbook of Epilepsy, 3rd Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia., Leppik, I.E. (2001). Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of the Patient with Epilepsy, 5th Edition. Handbooks in Health Care, Newtown, Pennsylvania.

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pathology
antiepileptic medications
Question ID: 540025025
Question written by . (C) FrontalCortex.com 2006-2009, all rights reserved. Created: 09/02/2006
Modified: 09/02/2006
Estimated Permutations: 0