antiepileptic medications

Topic: Pathology

Created on Saturday, September 2 2006 by

Last modified on Saturday, September 2 2006.

 
        A) Carbamazepine is indicated for tonic-clonic.
 
        B) Diazepam is metabolized primarily in the liver.
 
        C) Valproic acid is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy.
 
        D) Gabapentin is indicated for treatment of partial seizures.
 
        E) Diazepam is a drug for which the AAN recommends patients stick to one manufacturer's preparation, as evidence exists that there are differences between generic and brand name preparations.
 

 

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This question was created on September 02, 2006 by .
This question was last modified on September 02, 2006.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

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A) Carbamazepine is indicated for tonic-clonic.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Carbamazepine is indicated for tonic-clonic." is true.
Carbamazepine causes reduction of sodium currents, works via an unknown mechanism, is indicated for treatement of complex partial seizures, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is indicated for tonic-clonic, is metabolized primarily in the liver, induces hepatic enzymes, is a known teratogen, or evidence for its teratogenicity exists, is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy, is excreted in breast milk, must be started at a low dose, may exacerbate absence seizures, has been shown in comparative studies to be one of the two safest of the older AEDs, and is a drug for which the AAN recommends patients stick to one manufacturer's preparation, as evidence exists that there are differences between generic and brand name preparations.  (See References)

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B) Diazepam is metabolized primarily in the liver.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Diazepam is metabolized primarily in the liver." is true.
Diazepam causes reduction of sodium currents, causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is metabolized primarily in the liver, is approved as adjunct therapy only, is a known teratogen, or evidence for its teratogenicity exists, and is excreted in breast milk.  (See References)

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C) Valproic acid is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Valproic acid is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy." is true.
Valproic acid causes reduction of sodium currents, causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is indicated for treatement of complex partial seizures, is indicated for tonic-clonic, is indicated for treatment of absence seizures, is indicated for treatment of myoclonic seizures, is metabolized primarily in the liver, is a known teratogen, or evidence for its teratogenicity exists, is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy, and is excreted in breast milk.  (See References)

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D) Gabapentin is indicated for treatment of partial seizures.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Gabapentin is indicated for treatment of partial seizures." is true.
Gabapentin causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is a glutamate receptor antagonist, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is indicated for tonic-clonic, is metabolized primarily by the kidney, is approved as adjunct therapy only, is excreted in breast milk, and has no known significant interactions with other AEDs.  (See References)

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E) Diazepam is a drug for which the AAN recommends patients stick to one manufacturer's preparation, as evidence exists that there are differences between generic and brand name preparations.

This answer is correct.

The statement, "Diazepam is a drug for which the AAN recommends patients stick to one manufacturer's preparation, as evidence exists that there are differences between generic and brand name preparations." is false.
Diazepam causes reduction of sodium currents, causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is metabolized primarily in the liver, is approved as adjunct therapy only, is a known teratogen, or evidence for its teratogenicity exists, and is excreted in breast milk.  (See References)

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References:

1. Browne, T.R., & Holmes, G.L. (2004). Handbook of Epilepsy, 3rd Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia., Leppik, I.E. (2001). Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of the Patient with Epilepsy, 5th Edition. Handbooks in Health Care, Newtown, Pennsylvania.

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pathology
antiepileptic medications
Question ID: 540025025
Question written by . (C) FrontalCortex.com 2006-2009, all rights reserved. Created: 09/02/2006
Modified: 09/02/2006
Estimated Permutations: 0