antiepileptic medications

Topic: Pathology

Created on Saturday, September 2 2006 by

Last modified on Saturday, September 2 2006.

 
        A) Levetiracetam has no known significant drug interactions.
 
        B) Carbamazepine is a glutamate receptor antagonist.
 
        C) Levetiracetam induces hepatic enzymes.
 
        D) Clonazepam is the drug of first choice for patients with absence seizures only.
 
        E) Valproic acid has no known significant drug interactions.
 

 

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This question was created on September 02, 2006 by .
This question was last modified on September 02, 2006.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

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A) Levetiracetam has no known significant drug interactions.

This answer is correct.

The statement, "Levetiracetam has no known significant drug interactions." is true.
Levetiracetam works via an unknown mechanism, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is metabolized primarily by the kidney, is approved as adjunct therapy only, is excreted in breast milk, has no known significant drug interactions, and has no known significant interactions with other AEDs.  (See References)

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B) Carbamazepine is a glutamate receptor antagonist.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Carbamazepine is a glutamate receptor antagonist." is false.
Carbamazepine causes reduction of sodium currents, works via an unknown mechanism, is indicated for treatement of complex partial seizures, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is indicated for tonic-clonic, is metabolized primarily in the liver, induces hepatic enzymes, is a known teratogen, or evidence for its teratogenicity exists, is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy, is excreted in breast milk, must be started at a low dose, may exacerbate absence seizures, has been shown in comparative studies to be one of the two safest of the older AEDs, and is a drug for which the AAN recommends patients stick to one manufacturer's preparation, as evidence exists that there are differences between generic and brand name preparations.  (See References)

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C) Levetiracetam induces hepatic enzymes.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Levetiracetam induces hepatic enzymes." is false.
Levetiracetam works via an unknown mechanism, is indicated for treatment of partial seizures, is metabolized primarily by the kidney, is approved as adjunct therapy only, is excreted in breast milk, has no known significant drug interactions, and has no known significant interactions with other AEDs.  (See References)

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D) Clonazepam is the drug of first choice for patients with absence seizures only.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Clonazepam is the drug of first choice for patients with absence seizures only." is false.
Clonazepam causes reduction of sodium currents, causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is indicated for treatment of absence seizures, is indicated for treatment of atypical absence seizures, is indicated for treatment of atonic seizures, is indicated for treatment of myoclonic seizures, is metabolized primarily in the liver, and is a known teratogen, or evidence for its teratogenicity exists.  (See References)

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E) Valproic acid has no known significant drug interactions.

This answer is incorrect.

The statement, "Valproic acid has no known significant drug interactions." is false.
Valproic acid causes reduction of sodium currents, causes increase of GABA-mediated currents, is indicated for treatement of complex partial seizures, is indicated for tonic-clonic, is indicated for treatment of absence seizures, is indicated for treatment of myoclonic seizures, is metabolized primarily in the liver, is a known teratogen, or evidence for its teratogenicity exists, is associated with an increased risk of spina bifida if taken during pregnancy, and is excreted in breast milk.  (See References)

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References:

1. Browne, T.R., & Holmes, G.L. (2004). Handbook of Epilepsy, 3rd Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia., Leppik, I.E. (2001). Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of the Patient with Epilepsy, 5th Edition. Handbooks in Health Care, Newtown, Pennsylvania.

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pathology
antiepileptic medications
Question ID: 540025025
Question written by . (C) FrontalCortex.com 2006-2009, all rights reserved. Created: 09/02/2006
Modified: 09/02/2006
Estimated Permutations: 0