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Brain and Brainstem
This section discusses the anatomical strcutures of the cerebral hemispheres and the brainstem, and their related functions.
Terminology:
By the end of this section, make certain that you understand what each of these terms mean, and can apply them appropriately. If applicable, make sure you can find each item on a whole brain, brain section, or image of a brain.
- caudate nucleus
- head of the caudate nucleus
- body of the caudate nucleus
- tail of the caudate nucleus
- putamen
- neostriatum
- hippocampus
- fornix
- body of the fornix
- columns of the fornix
- internal capsule
- limbs of the internal capsule
- genu of the internal capsule
- amygdala
- uncus
- globus pallidus
- lenticular nucleus
- subthalamic nucleus
- substantia nigra
- basal ganglia
- insular cortex
- lateral ventricles
- anterior horn of the lateral ventricle
- posterior horn of the lateral ventricle
- inferior horn of the lateral ventricle
- body of the lateral ventricle
- frontal section
- horizontal section
- tegmentum
- reticular formation
- tectum
- cerbral peduncle
- crus cerebri
- superior colliculi
- inferior colliculi
- quadrigeminal plate
- red nucleus
- basis pedunculi
- substantia nigra
- periaqueductal gray
- crebellar peduncles
- inferior olivary nuclei
- olives
- pyramids
- prosencephalon
- telencephalon
- diencephalon
- mesencephalon
- rhombencephalon
- metencephalon
- myelencephalon
- tela choroidea
- Pineal body
- Basal ganglia
- extrapyramidal system
- globus pallidus externa and interna
- caudate nucleus
- striatum
- putamen
- lenticular nucleus
- substantia nigra
- nigrostriatal pathway
- motor loop
- cognitive and association loops
- Oculomotor loop
- Subthalamic nucleus
- nucleus accumbens
- corpus striatum
- pallidum
- pallidothalamic fibers
- ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus (VL)
- ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus (VA)
- dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus (DM)
- centromedian nucleus of the thalamus (CM)
- ventral tegmental area
- pallidofugal fibers
- corticostriate fibers
- tremor
- akinesia
- rigidity
- thalamus
- vasculature of the nervous system
- internal carotid arteries
- anterior cerebral arteries
- anterior communicating artery
- medial striate arteries
- anterior choroidal arteries
- middle cerebral arteries
- lateral striate arteries
- posterior cerebral arteries
- superior cerebral veins
- thalamostriate veins
- choroidal veins
- superior sagittal sinus
- vertebral arteries
- anterior and posterior spinal arteries
- basilar artery
- postierior inferior cerebellar arteries (PICA)
- anterior inferior cerebellar arteries (AICA)
- pontine arteries
- labyrinthine arteries
- superior cerebellar arteries (SCA)
- circle of Willis
- middle cerebral veins
- internal cerebral veins
- great cerebral vein (of Galen)
- basal vein(s) (of Rosenthal)
Section 1: Overview and Surface Anatomy
Section 2: Looking at the Brain from Different Angles
Section 3: Neuroanatomy Landmarks: Ventricles
Section 4: Neuroanatomy Landmarks: Diencephalon
Section 5: Neuroanatomy Landmarks: Basal Ganglia
Section 7: Vasculature of the Brain
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